Animal microchip

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Implantable Animal ID Microchip

A sterile pre-loaded syringe that puts a 15-digit number under a dog’s skin for the rest of its life.

A 2.12 × 12 mm glass capsule with an EM4305 transponder, Parylene coated, loaded into a single-use implanter and sterilised with ethylene oxide. It reads at a few centimetres on any ISO 11784/11785 scanner — the same scanner every shelter, veterinary practice and border post already owns.

The first decision

Which capsule size — and for which animal

Three sizes are available and the choice is set by the animal, not by price. A capsule that is too large cannot be implanted at all in a small species; one that is too small reads shorter, so the scanner has to be closer.

CAPSULE TYPICAL USE WHAT IT MEANS IN PRACTICE
2.12 × 12 mm Dogs, cats, and the standard size for livestock and equine The size the international scanning convention is built around, and the one every shelter and border scanner is set up to find. It needs the largest needle of the three, which is why it is not the default for small animals.
1.4 × 8 mm Small dogs, cats, rabbits, ferrets and other small mammals A smaller needle and an easier recovery, and the compromise most clinics choose for cats and toy breeds. The shorter ferrite core reads at a shorter distance, so confirm the range against your own reader.
1.25 × 7 mm Fish, small rodents, birds and laboratory animals The smallest capsule and the shortest read range. For fish and very small rodents it is the only size that can be implanted, and the scanner has to be held almost against the body.
The needle is matched to the capsule and cannot be changed. A 2.12 mm capsule cannot pass through a fine needle, so the implanter is supplied as a matched pair with the capsule. If you need different sizes for different species, they are separate line items — the syringe from one size will not take another size.
img-mu25uks2-c107304f.pngThe capsule itself: bio-compatible glass with a Parylene coating, hermetically sealed around the transponder.

Placement and migration

Where the chip goes, and where it goes instead

The international convention is subcutaneous, on the dorsal midline between the shoulder blades, with the needle angled toward the tail. Every shelter, pound and border post sweeps that patch first, because the standard says the chip will be there.

A capsule that has migrated down a foreleg or into the axilla still works perfectly and is invisible to that sweep, so the animal is treated as unchipped. For a rehoming decision that can mean a pet does not go home.

Correct implant site and common migration sites Implant site and the four places a chip migrates tocorrect sitedorsal midline, between the shoulder bladesdown the flankinto the axillaforward to the necktoward the withersDiagrammatic. The published convention for dogs and cats is subcutaneous, midline, between the scapulae, needle angled caudally.Depth matters as much as position: too superficial and it erodes through the skin; too deep and it sits under muscle the field cannot reach.Read range is a few centimetres, so the scanner has to be within a hand's width of the capsule and moved slowly.

Green is where the scanner looks first. Red is where chips that have moved end up.

What reduces migration

  • Correct depth — subcutaneous, not intramuscular.
  • Midline, between the scapulae — the least mobile patch of skin on the animal.
  • Parylene coating — a smooth bio-compatible surface that encourages the capsule to be encapsulated in place rather than worked loose.
  • Needle withdrawn straight, with the site pinched closed, so the track does not stay open.

If a scan finds nothing

Do not conclude the animal is unchipped. Start at the neck and shoulder area, then sweep slowly over the entire body, and repeat. Speed is the most common reason a chip is missed: a 134.2 kHz field has to power the capsule before it can answer, so a fast sweep passes over before the chip has had time to respond. Coat, thick fur and handling restraint all shorten the distance the reader can work at.

Veterinarian sweeping a handheld microchip scanner slowly along a golden retriever's back just behind the shoulder blades

The scan, done properly: along the dorsal midline behind the shoulders, close to the body, and slowly.

Three numbers, three different questions

Shelf life, sterility and implant life are not the same thing

In this category they are constantly confused, and the confusion runs in the expensive direction: nobody notices until a practice opens a pack that has been in a drawer for six years, or until a twelve-year-old cat reads blank.

THE NUMBER WHAT IT MEANS WHY IT MATTERS SEPARATELY
Shelf life
5 years
How long the pack stays sterile, counted from the sterilisation date printed on it. A stock-control figure. Distributors rotate on it and practices check it before implanting. It says nothing about the chip.
Sterility
until opened
Ethylene oxide sterilisation, single use. A pack that is torn, damp or past its date is not sterile. A handling rule, not a duration. It is the one that gets a clinician into trouble.
Implant life
10 years
How long the transponder is expected to keep answering inside the animal. A dog lives 10 to 14 years and a cat 12 to 18. A ten-year figure is shorter than the animal it is implanted in, and when a chip stops answering the registry record is orphaned.
Read the implant life against the species. A chip bought for a puppy has to be readable when that dog is fourteen. Ask us for the guaranteed and typical retention figures for the chip and size you are ordering, and we will tell you both rather than only the conservative one.

Specification

Animal ID microchip — specification

Ordered the way a buyer checks it: what is in the box, what is inside the capsule, then what the paperwork says.

PARAMETER VALUE
WHAT ARRIVES
Contents 1 pre-loaded implanter with 1 microchip, sterile, single use
Capsule sizes 1.25 × 7 mm, 1.4 × 8 mm, 2.12 × 12 mm
Capsule material Bio-compatible glass, Parylene coated
Implanter Single-use syringe, colour coded by capsule size, needle bore matched to the capsule
Sterilisation Ethylene oxide (EO), single use
Shelf life 5 years from the sterilisation date printed on the pack
Serialisation Barcode and printed number on the pack match the ID inside the chip
INSIDE THE CAPSULE
Frequency 134.2 kHz
Protocol ISO 11784 / ISO 11785, FDX-B
Chip EM4305
Code structure 64-bit ISO 11784 — country code, national identification number, animal-application flag — displayed as 15 digits
Read distance A few centimetres; the shorter capsules read shorter
Implant life 10 years stated
ENVIRONMENT
Working temperature 0 to +50 °C
Storage temperature −20 to +50 °C
Withstanding voltage < 2 kV
COMPLIANCE AND PLACEMENT
Certification ICAR certified to ISO 11784/11785; conformance tested to ISO 24631-1, performance to ISO 24631-3
Implant site Subcutaneous, dorsal midline between the scapulae for dogs and cats; ear root for some livestock

The number itself

A registered number, not a chosen one

The ISO 11784 code is 64 bits: a country code, the national identification number and an animal-application flag, displayed as fifteen digits — three for the country and twelve for the animal. That structure only does its job if the number was allocated. A chip carrying a number outside an allocated range is read happily by every scanner and rejected by the database it needs to reach.

Two legitimate options, and we will tell you which one applies before production

  • Pre-programmed with a number range allocated to you or to your distributor — the option for national programmes and tenders.
  • Blank, for the registry to write at the point of registration — the option where the database issues the number itself.
Why we ask which registry. A fifteen-digit number is only meaningful inside the system that issued it. Tell us the country and the database the animals will be entered in, and we will confirm the format before the batch is programmed — because a programmed consignment cannot be corrected, only re-tagged.

Using it well

The four steps that turn a chip into a record

  • Scan the animal first. It may already be chipped, and a second chip confuses every future reading.
  • Scan the pack and check the number against the barcode before implanting. This is where a mixed-up consignment is caught.
  • Implant subcutaneously, midline, between the scapulae, needle angled caudally.
  • Scan again to confirm the chip reads in place, then record the fifteen digits against the animal.
Four step illustration of scanning the animal, verifying the pack code, implanting, and rescanning to record the number, with implant sites for dog, cat, rabbit, pig, cattle, horse and bird

The four steps, and the implant sites for the species this size range covers.

Who buys this

  • Veterinary practices and clinics — the routine dog and cat implant.
  • Shelters and rescue organisations — chipping on intake, and reuniting lost animals.
  • Breeders and kennels — identity tied to pedigree records.
  • Livestock and equine operations — ear root or nuchal ligament, where an ear tag is not the right form factor.
  • Laboratories and fisheries — the 1.25 × 7 mm capsule, where nothing larger will pass.

Questions we are asked

Animal ID microchip — FAQ

Is this 134.2 kHz or 125 kHz?

134.2 kHz, FDX-B, to ISO 11784/11785. That is the international standard, and it is what shelters, veterinary practices and border posts read. Some legacy systems still run at 125 kHz, and a 125 kHz transponder is not picked up as a compliant device by a 134.2 kHz scanner. If your market still uses 125 kHz, tell us — it is a separate product and should not be mixed into an order intended for ISO compliance.

Which size do I need?

2.12 × 12 mm for dogs, cats and livestock, and it is the size the international scanning convention is built around. 1.4 × 8 mm suits small dogs, cats, rabbits and ferrets where a smaller needle matters. 1.25 × 7 mm is for fish, small rodents and birds, where nothing larger can be implanted. The needle bore is fixed by the capsule, so the syringe and capsule travel together and cannot be mixed.

Where does it go, and can it move?

Subcutaneous, on the dorsal midline between the shoulder blades, needle angled toward the tail — that is where every scanner looks first. Chips can migrate down the flank, into the axilla or forward toward the neck, and a migrated chip reads perfectly while a routine sweep finds nothing. Depth matters as much as position: too shallow and it erodes through the skin, too deep and it sits under muscle where the field will not reach it.

My scanner found nothing. Is the animal unchipped?

Not necessarily. Start at the neck and shoulder, then sweep the entire body slowly and repeat. A 134.2 kHz field has to power the capsule before it can answer, so a fast sweep passes over before the chip responds. Thick coat, heavy fur and a struggling animal all shorten the distance the reader can work at.

Can the number be customised?

It can be pre-programmed, but it should be programmed to a number range allocated to you or your distributor rather than a number of your choosing. The ISO 11784 code carries a country code and a national identification number, and a registry will reject a number outside its allocated range even though every scanner reads it happily.

How long does the pack last, and how long does the chip last?

Two different figures. The sterile pack has a five-year shelf life from the sterilisation date printed on it, and sterility ends the moment the pack is opened — it is single use. The transponder is stated at ten years, which is the figure to check against the animal: a cat can live eighteen years.

Will my existing scanner read it?

If it is a 134.2 kHz ISO 11784/11785 reader — which is what the great majority of veterinary and shelter scanners are — yes. Read distance on a passive glass capsule is a few centimetres, so the reader has to be close to the body and moved slowly, because the field must power the chip before it can answer.

Is it ICAR certified?

The product is ICAR certified to ISO 11784/11785, with conformance tested to ISO 24631-1 and performance to ISO 24631-3. Ask us for the listing reference for the exact device and capsule size you are ordering, because a mark on a pack and a registry entry are not the same document and a tender will usually want the latter.

What do you need to quote?

Species and typical body size, capsule size, whether the number is pre-programmed and against which registry, the quantity, and the expiry date you need on delivery. 

Tell us the species and the registry

Those two answers fix the capsule size, the number format and the documentation. Send them with your volume and we will confirm the frequency, the ICAR listing and the expiry date on delivery before you order.

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